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1.
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What are the measures adopted by Singapore in controlling water pollution?
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The following measures are adopted by Singapore in controlling water pollution:-
providing sewerage infrastructure and solid waste management system to prevent pollution at source;
requiring industries to pre-treat their effluent to prescribed standards before discharge into the sewerage system; and
prohibiting industries which use or store large quantities of chemicals to be sited within water catchments.
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2.
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What are the sources of water pollution in Singapore?
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The main sources of water pollution in Singapore are domestic wastewater, both sewage and sullage, and industrial effluent. There are some commercial farms in the suburban areas. In addition, solid wastes, if not properly managed and disposed of, will also cause water pollution.
Domestic wastewater contains mainly organic pollutants, both suspended and dissolved. Industrial effluent contains chemical and organic pollutants.
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3.
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How is domestic waste water treated?
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PUB operates six water reclaimation plants (WRP), 133 pumping stations, a network of over 2,879 km of sewers. Together, the system of sewers and pumping stations bring domestic and industrial waste water to the WRP to be treated to accepted international standards before the effluent is discharged into the surrounding waters.
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4.
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How does Singapore monitor inland and coastal water quality?
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NEA regularly monitors the water quality of various inland water bodies and coastal areas. The inland waterbodies comprise streams in the catchment areas, where water is collected for the production of drinking water, and in non-water catchment areas.
Physical, chemical and biological parameters are analysed to assess the water quality.
Water samples are also regularly obtained from 9 sampling points in the Straits of Johor and 10 sampling points in the Straits of Singapore. These samples are subjected to physical, chemical and bacteriological examinations.
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